England, King of England Edmund I "The Magnificent" King of

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Biographical Text:
Son of Edward the Elder, succeeded his half-brother, Æthelstan, with whom he had fought at Brunanburh. Combated the Norse Vikings in Northumbria and subdued them in Cumbria and Strathclyde. He entrusted these lands to an ally, Malcolm I of Scotland. Edmund met his death when he was killed at Pucklechurch, in Gloucestershire, by a robber.

Died:
Age: 24

Family/Spouse: of England, Saint Ælfgifu (Elgiva) Princess. Saint was born about 922 in Wessex, England; died in 944 in Shaflebury Abbey, Dorset, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Biographical Text:
On the death of Eadred, who had no children, Eadwig was chosen to be king since he was the oldest of the children in the natural line of the House of Wessex. He became king at 16 and displayed some of the tendencies one could expect in one so young, royalty or not. Historians have not treated Eadwig especially well, and it is unfortunate for him that he ran afoul of the influential Bishop Dunstan (friend and advisor to the recently deceased king, Eadred, future Archbishop of Canterbury and future saint), early in his reign. An incident, which occurred on the day of Eadwig's consecration as king, purportedly, illustrates the character of the young king. According to the report of the reliable William of Malmesbury, all the dignitaries and officials of the kingdom were meeting to discuss state business, when the absence of the new king was noticed. Dunstan was dispatched, along with another bishop, to find the missing youth. He was found with his mind on matters other than those of state, in the company of the daughter of a noble woman of the kingdom. Malmesbury writes, Dunstan, " regardless of the royal indignation, dragged the lascivious boy from the chamber and...compelling him to repudiate the strumpet made him his enemy forever." The record of this incident was picked up by future monastic chroniclers and made to be the definitive word on the character of Eadwig, mainly because of St. Dunstan's role in it.

Dunstan was, after that incident, never exactly a favorite of Eadwig's, and it may be fair to say that Eadwig even hated Dunstan, for he apparently exiled him soon after this. Eadwig went on to marry Ælgifu, the girl with whom he was keeping company at the time of Dunstan's intrusion. For her part, " the strumpet" was eventually referred to as among "the most illustrious of women", and Eadwig, in his short reign, was generous in making grants to the church and other religious institutions. He died, possibly of the Wessex family ailment, when he was only 20.

Family/Spouse: England, Elgiva Queen of. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: England, CONCUBINE Mrs-Edwy of. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Edgar was made King of Mercia and Northumbria in 957 and succeed to the throne of Wessex at his brother, Eadwig's, death in 959. With this, Edgar was King of Mercia, Northumbria and Wessex (the three most powerful kingdoms in England at that time), simultaneously and could be considered the first ruler of a United England. Some of his predecessors were Kings of All England by virtue of being King of Wessex and, at the same time, enjoying a temporary military ascendancy over the other kingdoms.
He was formally crowned in 973 and received the ceremonial submission of all the other kings in Britain. He wisely recalled (St.) Dunstan from exile and made him Archbishop of Canterbury and his closest personal advisor. His reign was prosperous and peaceful and he is generally credited with the revival of the English church.

Edgar married of England, Ælfthryth (Elfrida) Queen in 964 in Wessex, England. Ælfthryth (daughter of (Ældorman of Devon), Ordgar and (Ealdorman), Mrs-Ordgar) was born in 945; died in 1000. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: England, Wulfryth of. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edgar married England, Ethelfleda Queen of in 961 in Of, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Æthelred's reign was interrupted by Sweyn I (Forkbeard) of Denmark, who seized the English throne in 1013, only to die the following year. He succeeded to the throne after the murder of his half-brother, Edward II, the Martyr, at the age of ten.

His reign was plagued by poor advice from his personal favorites and suspicions of his complicity in Edward's murder. His was a rather long and ineffective reign, which was notable for little other than the payment of the Danegeld, an attempt to buy off the Viking invaders with money. T

he relentless invasions by the Danish Vikings, coupled with their ever-escalating demands for more money, forced him to abandon his throne in 1013.

He fled to Normandy for safety, but was later recalled to his old throne at the death of Svein Forkbeard in 1014. He died in London in 1016.

Æthelred married of England, Ælfgifu (Elgiva) Queen about 985 in Of, Wessex, England. Ælfgifu (daughter of Gunnarsson, Thored Ealderman and Gunnarsson, Mrs-Thored) was born about 968 in Of, Wessex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Æthelred married Normandy, QUEEN OF ENGLAND Emma Princess of in 1002 in Of Normandy, France. Emma (daughter of Normandy, Richard I "Sans Peur" Duke of and Crepon, DUCHESS OF NORMANDY Gonnor De) was born about 982 in Of, Normandie; died on 6 Mar 1052 in , Winchester, Hampshire, England; was buried in St Martin's Church, Winchester, Hampshire, Eng. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Edmund II (981?-1016), Saxon king of the English (1016). Edmund was King of England for only a few months. After the death of his father, Æthelred II, in April 1016, Edmund led the defense of the city of London against the invading Knut Sveinsson (Canute), and was proclaimed king by the Londoners. Meanwhile, the Witan (Council), meeting at Southampton, chose Canute as King. After a series of inconclusive military engagements, in which Edmund performed brilliantly and earned the nickname "Ironside", he defeated the Danish forces at Oxford, Kent, but was routed by Canute's forces at Ashingdon, Essex. A subsequent peace agreement was made, with Edmund controlling Wessex and Canute controlling Mercia and Northumbria. It was also agreed that whoever survived the other would take control of the whole realm. Unfortunately for Edmund, he died in November, 1016, transferring the Kingship of All England completely to Canute.

Edmund married of England, Ealdgyth (Algitha) Queen about Aug 1015 in Of, London, Middlesex, England. Ealdgyth (daughter of Thored Ældorman of Northumbria and England, Edgitha of) was born about 986 in Of, Wessex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Edric, Earl of Mercia Streora. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Mercia, Alfgar Iii Earl of. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Elfgifu married Northumbria, EARL Ughtred about 1010 in Of, England. Ughtred (son of (Siward), Walroef and Elfeda) was born about 971 in Of, Northumbria, England; died in 1016. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Wulfhild married Ulfcytel, Earl of East Anglia "Snylling" about 1015. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Miss married Athelstan, King At Ringmere about 1021 in Of, Wessex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]